作為傳承前千年的美食，豆腐在餐桌上占據(jù)重要席位，近期研究表明，其在生物醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也表現(xiàn)出巨大潛力。豆腐中含有豐富的大豆蛋白和礦物質(zhì)元素，制備過程中不引入任何有毒試劑，生物安全性良好；诙垢に囬_發(fā)的大豆蛋白組織工程支架具備豆腐良好的生物安全性，同時具備疏松多孔的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和一定的力學(xué)性能；本文同時對比了大豆蛋白化學(xué)交聯(lián)方法制備的大豆蛋白組織工程支架的性質(zhì)，對它們進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究，首次對豆腐支架在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了初步探索，以期開發(fā)豆腐的在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的潛在價值。
Figure 1. Schematic illustration of developing tofu scaffolds and soybean protein scaffolds
近日，中山大學(xué)工學(xué)院生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程學(xué)科吳鈞課題組首次將傳統(tǒng)的豆腐開發(fā)成組織工程支架，并對其在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了初步探索。這是對食源性生物材料開發(fā)的又一次大膽嘗試，他們以傳統(tǒng)豆腐制備工藝為基礎(chǔ)，在不引入有毒試劑的前提下將豆腐制備成可應(yīng)用于組織工程的生物支架，有望在軟組織創(chuàng)傷修復(fù)中發(fā)揮一定作用。本成果以Evaluation of tofu as potential tissue engineering scaffold 為題，吳鈞教授、顧志鵬副研究員為通訊作者，黃駿博士為第一作者，中山大學(xué)工學(xué)院為第一單位，于2018年1月23日發(fā)表在材料學(xué)著名期刊《Journal of Materials Chemistry B》(DOI: 10.1039/C7TB02852K) 上。
該團(tuán)隊(duì)將傳統(tǒng)豆腐制備工藝進(jìn)行簡單改良后應(yīng)用于豆腐支架的開發(fā)，有效避免了有毒試劑的引入，極大的提升了材料的生物安全性；同時，對比了大豆蛋白化學(xué)交聯(lián)方法制備的大豆蛋白組織工程支架的性質(zhì)。研究表明，豆腐支架與化學(xué)交聯(lián)方法制備的大豆蛋白支架具有相似的理化性能，且后期，豆腐支架表現(xiàn)出更佳的生物相容性，更有利于細(xì)胞的增殖和體內(nèi)植入后血管的形成。
Figure 2. The simplified process of tofu scaffold preparation.
Figure 3. The water uptake ratios of tofu scaffolds and soybean protein scaffolds in 0.01 M PBS solution: (A) Tofu scaffolds. (B) Soybean protein scaffolds. Mean ± SD，n=3.
Figure 4. The stress–strain curves of tofu scaffolds and soybean protein scaffolds under wet conditions. There was no significant difference to the compression modulus of tofu scaffolds and soybean protein scaffolds. Mean ± SD, n = 3
Figure 5. The result of weight-loss ratio of soybean protein and tofu scaffold: (A) Tofu scaffold in 0.01 M PBS solution. (B) Tofu scaffold in 0.25% trypsin solution. (C) Soybean protein scaffold in 0.01 M PBS solution. (D) Soybean protein scaffold in 0.25% trypsin solution. Mean ± SD, n = 3.
Figure 6. Proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells after 7 days culture with the leaching solution of soybean protein and tofu scaffolds. ＊p < 0.05 (compared with the control at the same time), Mean ± SD, n = 3.
Figure 7. The morphology of 3T3 cells directly seeding in soybean protein and tofu scaffolds were analyzed by staining with rhodamine phalloidin and DAPI (A, B, C, D). Live/dead staining was carried out to verify the good biocompatibility of two scaffolds (E, F, G, H). (A&E): The morphology of 3T3 cells seeded in soybean protein scaffolds after cultivating 24 hours. (B&F): The morphology of 3T3 cells seeded in soybean protein scaffolds after cultivating 48 hours. (C&G): The morphology of 3T3 cells seeded in tofu scaffolds after cultivating 24 hours. (D&H): The morphology of 3T3 cells seeded in tofu scaffolds after cultivating 48 hours. The cell morphology is good after seeding in two types scaffolds directly, which were indicated by blue arrows. The dead cells are indicated by white arrows. Scales bar = 50 μm.
Figure 8. The results of histology evaluation implanting tofu scaffolds (A, B and C) and soybean protein scaffolds (D, E and F) after 7 days. (A & D): HE stained section of the scaffold with surrounding tissues. Tofu scaffolds part was indicated by blue arrows and good biological integration with the surrounding tissues of implantation site was observed, which represented good biocompatibility of tofu scaffolds; (B & E): Masson staining displayed obvious collagen deposition in tofu scaffold part, indicated by yellow arrows; (C & F): CD31 staining was carried out to evaluate the neovascularization. The brown spots, indicated by black arrows, represented the angiogenesis in tofu scaffolds. Many minute vessels had grown out. Scale bar = 100 μm.
本文作者以傳統(tǒng)豆腐制備工藝為基礎(chǔ)，將豆腐開發(fā)成組織工程支架。研究表明，豆腐支架與化學(xué)交聯(lián)大豆蛋白支架具有相似的理化性能；細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)和動物實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，豆腐支架具有良好的生物相容性，適合細(xì)胞的生長和植入體內(nèi)后小血管的生成。
論文鏈接：
Evaluation of tofu as potential tissue engineering scaffold（J. Mater. Chem. B, 2018, DOI: 10.1039/C7TB02852K.）
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/tb/c7tb02852k#!divAbstract
課題組介紹：
課題組負(fù)責(zé)人吳鈞教授是中山大學(xué)工學(xué)院生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程學(xué)科博士生導(dǎo)師，2015年中組部青年千人計(jì)劃獲得者。于南京大學(xué)，美國紐約州立石溪大學(xué)獲得學(xué)士及碩士學(xué)位，2010于美國康奈爾大學(xué)生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程系獲博士學(xué)位；2010-2015年于美國哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院及麻省理工學(xué)院Omid Farokhzad 及Robert Langer實(shí)驗(yàn)室從事博士后研究。研究領(lǐng)域涉及可降解生物材料，藥物輸送，組織工程及納米醫(yī)學(xué)等前沿鄰域，集中于含氨基酸材料的生物醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用。課題組負(fù)責(zé)人已發(fā)表SCI論文超過68篇，其中第一作者及通訊作者28篇，總引用次數(shù)超過3800次。
課題組以新型生物材料，納米醫(yī)學(xué)和再生醫(yī)學(xué)為主要研究方向。納米醫(yī)學(xué)方向主要是開發(fā)新型生物可降解，生物安全的高分子功能聚合物，構(gòu)建多功能高載藥納米緩控釋藥物輸送體系，重點(diǎn)在腫瘤治療，心血管疾病及口服給藥中的應(yīng)用。再生醫(yī)學(xué)方向主要是利用新型功能材料，結(jié)合納米技術(shù)與干細(xì)胞技術(shù)，構(gòu)建新型支架材料，用于組織再生及修復(fù)。誠邀有志之士加入我們，有意者可發(fā)信至郵箱：wujun29@mail.sysu.edu.cn。課題組網(wǎng)頁： http://wulab.bme.sysu.edu.cn/
- 武漢輕工大學(xué)朱鏈/未本美、湖北工程學(xué)院汪海波 Polym. Rev.: 膠原生物材料的最新進(jìn)展 - 從提取、交聯(lián)到組織再生 2025-03-21
- 西南大學(xué)李楠楠課題組 Nat. Commun.: 發(fā)現(xiàn)一種聚合水凝膠 - 幫助有益菌促進(jìn)植物生長并適應(yīng)酸性土壤 2025-02-21
- 浙大王征科課題組《Adv. Sci.》綜述：生物材料在角膜再生中的應(yīng)用 2025-01-02
- 中科院遺傳發(fā)育所戴建武/趙燕南 ACS Nano：仿生脊髓纖維引導(dǎo)脊髓損傷后軸突再生和再髓鞘化 2023-12-15
- 浙江大學(xué)王征科課題組：多層次結(jié)構(gòu)、高礦物含量支架材料在骨修復(fù)中的應(yīng)用 2023-05-01
- 上海交大朱麟勇教授（國家杰青）課題組擬面向海內(nèi)外招聘博士后若干名 2021-10-18
